diff --git a/admin/common.php b/admin/common.php
index 597209c4..b18173bb 100644
--- a/admin/common.php
+++ b/admin/common.php
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ if (!empty($currentMenu)) {
     $adminFile = basename($params['path']);
 
     if (!$user->logged && !\Typecho\Cookie::get('__typecho_first_run')) {
-        
         if ('welcome.php' != $adminFile) {
             $response->redirect(\Typecho\Common::url('welcome.php', $options->adminUrl));
         } else {
diff --git a/admin/manage-comments.php b/admin/manage-comments.php
index 65015084..a8c70250 100644
--- a/admin/manage-comments.php
+++ b/admin/manage-comments.php
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ $isAllComments = ('on' == $request->get('__typecho_all_comments') || 'on' == \Ty
                             'text'      =>  $comments->text
                         );
 
-                        echo htmlspecialchars(Json::encode($comment));
+                        echo htmlspecialchars(json_encode($comment));
                         ?>">
                             <td valign="top" class="kit-hidden-mb">
                                 <input type="checkbox" value="<?php $comments->coid(); ?>" name="coid[]"/>
diff --git a/admin/write-js.php b/admin/write-js.php
index adee5dc8..e072e3bb 100644
--- a/admin/write-js.php
+++ b/admin/write-js.php
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ $(document).ready(function() {
                 'tags'  =>  $tags->name
             );
         }
-        echo Json::encode($data);
+        echo json_encode($data);
         ?>, {
             propertyToSearch:   'tags',
             tokenValue      :   'tags',
diff --git a/install.php b/install.php
index 6a50bfd4..c46bcd73 100644
--- a/install.php
+++ b/install.php
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ function install_get_site_url(): string
  */
 function install_is_cli(): bool
 {
-    return php_sapi_name() == 'cli';
+    return \Typecho\Request::getInstance()->isCli();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ function install_get_default_options(): array
             'theme:default' => 'a:2:{s:7:"logoUrl";N;s:12:"sidebarBlock";a:5:{i:0;s:15:"ShowRecentPosts";i:1;s:18:"ShowRecentComments";i:2;s:12:"ShowCategory";i:3;s:11:"ShowArchive";i:4;s:9:"ShowOther";}}',
             'timezone' => '28800',
             'lang' => install_get_lang(),
-            'charset' => _t('UTF-8'),
+            'charset' => 'UTF-8',
             'contentType' => 'text/html',
             'gzip' => 0,
             'generator' => 'Typecho ' . \Typecho\Common::VERSION,
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ function install_raise_error($error, $config = null)
 
         exit(1);
     } else {
-        \Typecho\Response::getInstance()->throwJson([
+        install_throw_json([
             'success' => 0,
             'message' => is_string($error) ? nl2br($error) : $error,
             'config' => $config
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ function install_success($step, ?array $config = null)
 
         exit(0);
     } else {
-        \Typecho\Response::getInstance()->throwJson([
+        install_throw_json([
             'success' => 1,
             'message' => $step,
             'config'  => $config
@@ -378,6 +378,28 @@ function install_success($step, ?array $config = null)
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * @param $data
+ */
+function install_throw_json($data)
+{
+    \Typecho\Response::getInstance()->setContentType('application/json')
+        ->addResponder(function () use ($data) {
+            echo json_encode($data);
+        })
+        ->respond();
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param string $url
+ */
+function install_redirect(string $url)
+{
+    \Typecho\Response::getInstance()->setStatus(302)
+        ->setHeader('Location', $url)
+        ->respond();
+}
+
 /**
  * add common js support
  *
@@ -493,6 +515,22 @@ function install_js_support()
     <?php
 }
 
+/**
+ * @param string[] $extensions
+ * @return string|null
+ */
+function install_check_extension(array $extensions): ?string
+{
+    foreach ($extensions as $extension) {
+        if (extension_loaded($extension)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return _n('缺少PHP扩展', '请在服务器上安装以下PHP扩展中的至少一个', count($extensions))
+        . ': ' . implode(', ', $extensions);
+}
+
 function install_step_1()
 {
     $langs = Widget_Options_General::getLangs();
@@ -504,7 +542,7 @@ function install_step_1()
                 <h2><?php _e('欢迎使用 Typecho'); ?></h2>
             </div>
             <div id="typecho-welcome">
-                <form autocomplete="off" method="get" action="install.php">
+                <form autocomplete="off" method="post" action="install.php">
                     <h3><?php _e('安装说明'); ?></h3>
                     <p class="warning">
                         <strong><?php _e('本安装程序将自动检测服务器环境是否符合最低配置需求. 如果不符合, 将在上方出现提示信息, 请按照提示信息检查您的主机配置. 如果服务器环境符合要求, 将在下方出现 "开始下一步" 的按钮, 点击此按钮即可一步完成安装.'); ?></strong>
@@ -520,7 +558,7 @@ function install_step_1()
 
                     <p class="submit">
                         <button class="btn primary" type="submit"><?php _e('我准备好了, 开始下一步 &raquo;'); ?></button>
-                        <input type="hidden" name="step" value="2">
+                        <input type="hidden" name="step" value="1">
 
                         <?php if (count($langs) > 1) : ?>
                             <select style="float: right" onchange="location.href='?lang=' + this.value">
@@ -537,6 +575,54 @@ function install_step_1()
         </div>
     </div>
     <?php
+    install_js_support();
+}
+
+/**
+ * check dependencies before install
+ */
+function install_step_1_perform()
+{
+    $errors = [];
+    $checks = [
+        'curl',
+        'mbstring',
+        'json',
+        ['mysqli', 'sqlite3', 'pgsql', 'pdo_mysql', 'pdo_sqlite', 'pdo_pgsql']
+    ];
+
+    foreach ($checks as $check) {
+        $error = install_check_extension(is_array($check) ? $check : [$check]);
+
+        if (!empty($error)) {
+            $errors[] = $error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    $uploadDir = '/usr/uploads';
+    $realUploadDir = \Typecho\Common::url($uploadDir, __TYPECHO_ROOT_DIR__);
+    $writeable = true;
+    if (is_dir($realUploadDir)) {
+        if (!is_writeable($realUploadDir)) {
+            if (!@chmod($realUploadDir, 0644)) {
+                $writeable = false;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!@mkdir($realUploadDir, 0644)) {
+            $writeable = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!$writeable) {
+        $errors[] = _t('上传目录无法写入, 请手动将安装目录下的 %s 目录的权限设置为可写然后继续升级', $uploadDir);
+    }
+
+    if (empty($errors)) {
+        install_success(2);
+    } else {
+        install_raise_error(implode("\n", $errors));
+    }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -657,7 +743,7 @@ function install_step_2()
             }
         }
 
-        fillInput(<?php echo Json::encode($config); ?>);
+        fillInput(<?php echo json_encode($config); ?>);
         <?php endif; ?>
     </script>
     <?php
@@ -1136,7 +1222,7 @@ function install_dispatch()
     ) {
         // redirect to siteUrl if not cli
         if (!install_is_cli()) {
-            \Typecho\Response::getInstance()->redirect($options->siteUrl);
+            install_redirect($options->siteUrl);
         }
 
         exit(1);
@@ -1146,7 +1232,6 @@ function install_dispatch()
         install_step_2_perform();
     } else {
         $request = \Typecho\Request::getInstance();
-        $response = \Typecho\Response::getInstance();
         $step = $request->get('step');
 
         $action = 1;
@@ -1156,14 +1241,14 @@ function install_dispatch()
                 if (!install_check('db_structure')) {
                     $action = 2;
                 } else {
-                    $response->redirect('install.php?step=3');
+                    install_redirect('install.php?step=3');
                 }
                 break;
             case $step == 3:
                 if (install_check('db_structure')) {
                     $action = 3;
                 } else {
-                    $response->redirect('install.php?step=2');
+                    install_redirect('install.php?step=2');
                 }
                 break;
             default:
@@ -1172,7 +1257,7 @@ function install_dispatch()
 
         $method = 'install_step_' . $action;
 
-        if ($request->isPost() && $action > 1) {
+        if ($request->isPost()) {
             $method .= '_perform';
             $method();
             exit;
diff --git a/var/Json.php b/var/Json.php
deleted file mode 100644
index f9859fb2..00000000
--- a/var/Json.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,576 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-/**********************************
- * Created on: 2007-2-2
- * File Name : lib.json.php
- * Copyright : 2005 Michal Migursk
- * License   :  http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
- *********************************/
-class Json
-{
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_SLICE = 1;
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR = 2;
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR = 3;
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ = 4;
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT = 5;
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE = 16;
-    public const SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS = 32;
-    public const E_JSONTYPE = 'json decode error';
-
-    /**
-     * 对变量进行json编码
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param mixed $var 需要处理的对象
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public static function encode($var)
-    {
-        if (function_exists('jsonencodeStr')) {
-            /** from php 5.1 */
-            return jsonencodeStr($var);
-        } else {
-            return self::encodeStr($var);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 对字符串进行json解码
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string|null $var 需要解码的字符串
-     * @param boolean $assoc 是否强制解释为数组
-     * @return mixed
-     */
-    public static function decode(?string $var, bool $assoc = false)
-    {
-        if (function_exists('json_decode')) {
-            /** from php 5.1 */
-            return json_decode($var, $assoc);
-        } else {
-            $result = self::decodeStr($var);
-        }
-
-        if ($assoc && is_object($result)) {
-            return (array)$result;
-        } elseif (!$assoc && is_array($result)) {
-            return (object)$result;
-        }
-
-        return $result;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 对配对值编码
-     *
-     * @param string $name 名称
-     * @param mixed $value 值
-     * @return string
-     */
-    private static function nameValue(string $name, $value): string
-    {
-        $encoded_value = self::encodeStr($value);
-
-        if (self::isError($encoded_value)) {
-            return $encoded_value;
-        }
-
-        return self::encodeStr(strval($name)) . ':' . $encoded_value;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 将对象转换为json串
-     *
-     * @param mixed $var 需要转换的对象
-     * @return string
-     */
-    private static function encodeStr($var)
-    {
-        switch (gettype($var)) {
-            case 'boolean':
-                return $var ? 'true' : 'false';
-
-            case 'NULL':
-                return 'null';
-
-            case 'integer':
-                return (int)$var;
-
-            case 'double':
-            case 'float':
-                return (float)$var;
-
-            case 'string':
-                $ascii = '';
-                $strlen_var = strlen($var);
-
-                for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_var; ++$c) {
-                    $ord_var_c = ord($var[$c]);
-
-                    switch (true) {
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x08:
-                            $ascii .= '\b';
-                            break;
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x09:
-                            $ascii .= '\t';
-                            break;
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x0A:
-                            $ascii .= '\n';
-                            break;
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x0C:
-                            $ascii .= '\f';
-                            break;
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x0D:
-                            $ascii .= '\r';
-                            break;
-
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x22:
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x2F:
-                        case $ord_var_c == 0x5C:
-                            $ascii .= '\\' . $var[$c];
-                            break;
-
-                        case (($ord_var_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_var_c <= 0x7F)):
-                            $ascii .= $var[$c];
-                            break;
-
-                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0):
-                            $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c, ord($var[$c + 1]));
-                            $c += 1;
-                            $utf16 = self::utf82utf16($char);
-                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
-                            break;
-
-                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0):
-                            $char = pack(
-                                'C*',
-                                $ord_var_c,
-                                ord($var[$c + 1]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 2])
-                            );
-                            $c += 2;
-                            $utf16 = self::utf82utf16($char);
-                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
-                            break;
-
-                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0):
-                            $char = pack(
-                                'C*',
-                                $ord_var_c,
-                                ord($var[$c + 1]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 2]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 3])
-                            );
-                            $c += 3;
-                            $utf16 = self::utf82utf16($char);
-                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
-                            break;
-
-                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8):
-                            $char = pack(
-                                'C*',
-                                $ord_var_c,
-                                ord($var[$c + 1]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 2]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 3]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 4])
-                            );
-                            $c += 4;
-                            $utf16 = self::utf82utf16($char);
-                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
-                            break;
-
-                        case (($ord_var_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC):
-                            $char = pack(
-                                'C*',
-                                $ord_var_c,
-                                ord($var[$c + 1]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 2]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 3]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 4]),
-                                ord($var[$c + 5])
-                            );
-                            $c += 5;
-                            $utf16 = self::utf82utf16($char);
-                            $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
-                            break;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                return '"' . $ascii . '"';
-
-            case 'array':
-                if (is_array($var) && count($var) && (array_keys($var) !== range(0, sizeof($var) - 1))) {
-                    $properties = array_map(
-                        [self::class, 'nameValue'],
-                        array_keys($var),
-                        array_values($var)
-                    );
-
-                    foreach ($properties as $property) {
-                        if (self::isError($property)) {
-                            return $property;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    return '{' . join(',', $properties) . '}';
-                }
-
-                // treat it like a regular array
-                $elements = array_map([self::class, 'encodeStr'], $var);
-
-                foreach ($elements as $element) {
-                    if (self::isError($element)) {
-                        return $element;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                return '[' . join(',', $elements) . ']';
-
-            case 'object':
-                $vars = get_object_vars($var);
-
-                $properties = array_map(
-                    [self::class, 'nameValue'],
-                    array_keys($vars),
-                    array_values($vars)
-                );
-
-                foreach ($properties as $property) {
-                    if (self::isError($property)) {
-                        return $property;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                return '{' . join(',', $properties) . '}';
-
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 将utf8转换为utf16
-     *
-     * @access private
-     * @param string|null $utf8 utf8字符串
-     * @return string|null
-     */
-    private static function utf82utf16(?string $utf8): ?string
-    {
-        if (function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
-            return mb_convert_encoding($utf8, 'UTF-16', 'UTF-8');
-        }
-
-        switch (strlen($utf8)) {
-            case 1:
-                return $utf8;
-
-            case 2:
-                return chr(0x07 & (ord($utf8[0]) >> 2))
-                    . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8[0]) << 6))
-                        | (0x3F & ord($utf8[1])));
-            case 3:
-                return chr((0xF0 & (ord($utf8[0]) << 4))
-                        | (0x0F & (ord($utf8[1]) >> 2)))
-                    . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8[1]) << 6))
-                        | (0x7F & ord($utf8[2])));
-        }
-        return '';
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 判断错误
-     *
-     * @access private
-     * @param mixed $data 错误对象
-     * @param string|null $code 错误代码
-     * @return boolean
-     */
-    private static function isError($data, ?string $code = null): bool
-    {
-        if (
-            is_object($data) && (get_class($data) == 'services_json_error' ||
-                is_subclass_of($data, 'services_json_error'))
-        ) {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 解码json字符串
-     *
-     * @param string|null $str 解码字符串
-     * @return array|bool|float|int|stdClass|string|void|null
-     */
-    private static function decodeStr(?string $str)
-    {
-        $str = self::reduceString($str);
-
-        switch (strtolower($str)) {
-            case 'true':
-                return true;
-
-            case 'false':
-                return false;
-
-            case 'null':
-                return null;
-
-            default:
-                $m = [];
-
-                if (is_numeric($str)) {
-                    return ((float)$str == (int)$str)
-                        ? (int)$str
-                        : (float)$str;
-                } elseif (preg_match('/^("|\').*(\1)$/s', $str, $m) && $m[1] == $m[2]) {
-                    $delim = substr($str, 0, 1);
-                    $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
-                    $utf8 = '';
-                    $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);
-
-                    for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {
-                        $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
-                        $ord_chrs_c = ord($chrs[$c]);
-
-                        switch (true) {
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\b':
-                                $utf8 .= chr(0x08);
-                                ++$c;
-                                break;
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\t':
-                                $utf8 .= chr(0x09);
-                                ++$c;
-                                break;
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\n':
-                                $utf8 .= chr(0x0A);
-                                ++$c;
-                                break;
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\f':
-                                $utf8 .= chr(0x0C);
-                                ++$c;
-                                break;
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\r':
-                                $utf8 .= chr(0x0D);
-                                ++$c;
-                                break;
-
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\"':
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\'':
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\\':
-                            case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\/':
-                                if (
-                                    ($delim == '"' && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\\'') ||
-                                    ($delim == "'" && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\"')
-                                ) {
-                                    $utf8 .= $chrs[++$c];
-                                }
-                                break;
-
-                            case preg_match('/\\\u[0-9A-F]{4}/i', substr($chrs, $c, 6)):
-                                $utf16 = chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 2), 2)))
-                                    . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 4), 2)));
-                                $utf8 .= self::utf162utf8($utf16);
-                                $c += 5;
-                                break;
-
-                            case ($ord_chrs_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_chrs_c <= 0x7F):
-                                $utf8 .= $chrs[$c];
-                                break;
-
-                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0:
-                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 2);
-                                ++$c;
-                                break;
-
-                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0:
-                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 3);
-                                $c += 2;
-                                break;
-
-                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0:
-                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 4);
-                                $c += 3;
-                                break;
-
-                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8:
-                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 5);
-                                $c += 4;
-                                break;
-
-                            case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC:
-                                $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 6);
-                                $c += 5;
-                                break;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    return $utf8;
-                } elseif (preg_match('/^\[.*\]$/s', $str) || preg_match('/^\{.*\}$/s', $str)) {
-                    if ($str [0] == '[') {
-                        $stk = [self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR];
-                        $arr = [];
-                    } else {
-                        $stk = [self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ];
-                        $obj = new stdClass();
-                    }
-
-                    array_push($stk, [
-                        'what'  => self::SERVICES_JSON_SLICE,
-                        'where' => 0,
-                        'delim' => false
-                    ]);
-
-                    $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
-                    $chrs = self::reduceString($chrs);
-
-                    if ($chrs == '') {
-                        if (reset($stk) == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
-                            return $arr;
-                        } else {
-                            return $obj;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);
-                    for ($c = 0; $c <= $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {
-                        $top = end($stk);
-                        $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
-
-                        if (
-                            ($c == $strlen_chrs) || (($chrs [$c] == ',')
-                                && ($top['what'] == self::SERVICES_JSON_SLICE))
-                        ) {
-                            $slice = substr($chrs, $top['where'], ($c - $top['where']));
-                            array_push(
-                                $stk,
-                                [
-                                    'what'  => self::SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, 'where' => ($c + 1),
-                                    'delim' => false
-                                ]
-                            );
-
-                            if (reset($stk) == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
-                                array_push($arr, self::decodeStr($slice));
-                            } elseif (reset($stk) == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
-                                $parts = [];
-
-                                if (preg_match('/^\s*(["\'].*[^\\\]["\'])\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
-                                    $key = self::decodeStr($parts[1]);
-                                    $val = self::decodeStr($parts[2]);
-                                    $obj->$key = $val;
-                                } elseif (preg_match('/^\s*(\w+)\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
-                                    $key = $parts[1];
-                                    $val = self::decodeStr($parts[2]);
-                                    $obj->$key = $val;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        } elseif (
-                            (($chrs [$c] == '"') || ($chrs[$c] == "'"))
-                            && ($top['what'] != self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR)
-                        ) {
-                            array_push(
-                                $stk,
-                                ['what' => self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => $chrs[$c]]
-                            );
-                        } elseif (
-                            ($chrs [$c] == $top['delim']) &&
-                            ($top['what'] == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR) &&
-                            ((strlen(substr($chrs, 0, $c)) - strlen(rtrim(substr($chrs, 0, $c), '\\'))) % 2 != 1)
-                        ) {
-                            array_pop($stk);
-                        } elseif (
-                            ($chrs [$c] == '[') &&
-                            in_array(
-                                $top['what'],
-                                [self::SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ]
-                            )
-                        ) {
-                            array_push($stk, ['what' => self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false]);
-                        } elseif (($chrs [$c] == ']') && ($top['what'] == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR)) {
-                            array_pop($stk);
-                        } elseif (
-                            ($chrs [$c] == '{') &&
-                            in_array(
-                                $top['what'],
-                                [self::SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ]
-                            )
-                        ) {
-                            array_push($stk, ['what' => self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false]);
-                        } elseif (($chrs [$c] == '}') && ($top['what'] == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ)) {
-                            array_pop($stk);
-                        } elseif (
-                            ($substr_chrs_c_2 == '/*') &&
-                            in_array(
-                                $top['what'],
-                                [self::SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ]
-                            )
-                        ) {
-                            array_push($stk, ['what' => self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false]);
-                            $c++;
-                        } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '*/') && ($top['what'] == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT)) {
-                            array_pop($stk);
-                            $c++;
-                            for ($i = $top['where']; $i <= $c; ++$i) {
-                                $chrs = substr_replace($chrs, ' ', $i, 1);
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    if (reset($stk) == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
-                        return $arr;
-                    } elseif (reset($stk) == self::SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
-                        return $obj;
-                    }
-                }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 清除特殊格式
-     *
-     * @param string|null $str 待处理字符串
-     * @return string|null
-     */
-    private static function reduceString(?string $str): ?string
-    {
-        $str = preg_replace([
-            '#^\s*//(.+)$#m',
-            '#^\s*/\*(.+)\*/#Us',
-            '#/\*(.+)\*/\s*$#Us'
-        ], '', $str);
-        return trim($str);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 将utf16转换为utf8
-     *
-     * @param string|null $utf16 utf16字符串
-     * @return string|null
-     */
-    private static function utf162utf8(?string $utf16): ?string
-    {
-        if (function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
-            return mb_convert_encoding($utf16, 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16');
-        }
-        $bytes = (ord($utf16[0]) << 8) | ord($utf16[1]);
-
-        switch (true) {
-            case ((0x7F & $bytes) == $bytes):
-                return chr(0x7F & $bytes);
-
-            case (0x07FF & $bytes) == $bytes:
-                return chr(0xC0 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x1F))
-                    . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
-
-            case (0xFFFF & $bytes) == $bytes:
-                return chr(0xE0 | (($bytes >> 12) & 0x0F))
-                    . chr(0x80 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x3F))
-                    . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
-        }
-        return '';
-    }
-}
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Common.php b/var/Typecho/Common.php
index a7522469..fe3fb508 100644
--- a/var/Typecho/Common.php
+++ b/var/Typecho/Common.php
@@ -11,7 +11,33 @@
 
 namespace
 {
-    define('__TYPECHO_MB_SUPPORTED__', function_exists('mb_get_info') && function_exists('mb_regex_encoding'));
+
+    use Typecho\I18n;
+
+    /**
+     * @deprecated use json_encode and json_decode directly
+     */
+    class Json
+    {
+        /**
+         * @param $value
+         * @return string
+         */
+        public static function encode($value): string
+        {
+            return json_encode($value);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param string $string
+         * @param bool $assoc
+         * @return mixed
+         */
+        public static function decode(string $string, bool $assoc = false)
+        {
+            return json_decode($string, $assoc);
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
      * I18n function
@@ -24,9 +50,9 @@ namespace
     function _t(string $string, ...$args): string
     {
         if (empty($args)) {
-            return Typecho_I18n::translate($string);
+            return I18n::translate($string);
         } else {
-            return vsprintf(Typecho_I18n::translate($string), $args);
+            return vsprintf(I18n::translate($string), $args);
         }
     }
 
@@ -53,7 +79,7 @@ namespace
      */
     function _n(string $single, string $plural, int $number): string
     {
-        return str_replace('%d', $number, Typecho_I18n::ngettext($single, $plural, $number));
+        return str_replace('%d', $number, I18n::ngettext($single, $plural, $number));
     }
 }
 
@@ -254,6 +280,14 @@ namespace Typecho
          */
         public static function init()
         {
+            // init response
+            Response::getInstance()->enableAutoSendHeaders(false);
+
+            ob_start(function ($content) {
+                Response::getInstance()->sendHeaders();
+                return $content;
+            });
+
             /** 设置异常截获函数 */
             set_exception_handler(function (\Throwable $exception) {
                 if (defined('__TYPECHO_DEBUG__') && __TYPECHO_DEBUG__) {
@@ -262,7 +296,14 @@ namespace Typecho
                     echo htmlspecialchars($exception->__toString());
                     echo '</code></pre>';
                 } else {
-                    @ob_end_clean();
+                    Response::getInstance()->clean();
+                    ob_end_clean();
+
+                    ob_start(function ($content) {
+                        Response::getInstance()->sendHeaders();
+                        return $content;
+                    });
+
                     if (404 == $exception->getCode() && !empty(self::$exceptionHandle)) {
                         $handleClass = self::$exceptionHandle;
                         new $handleClass($exception);
@@ -284,25 +325,24 @@ namespace Typecho
         {
             $code = $exception->getCode() ?: 500;
             $message = $exception->getMessage();
-            $charset = self::$charset;
 
-            if ($exception instanceof \Typecho_Db_Exception) {
+            if ($exception instanceof \Typecho\Db\Exception) {
                 $code = 500;
 
                 //覆盖原始错误信息
                 $message = 'Database Server Error';
 
-                if ($exception instanceof \Typecho_Db_Adapter_Exception) {
+                if ($exception instanceof \Typecho\Db\Adapter\Exception) {
                     $code = 503;
                     $message = 'Error establishing a database connection';
-                } elseif ($exception instanceof \Typecho_Db_Query_Exception) {
+                } elseif ($exception instanceof \Typecho\Db\Query\Exception) {
                     $message = 'Database Query Error';
                 }
             }
 
             /** 设置http code */
             if (is_numeric($code) && $code > 200) {
-                Response::setStatus($code);
+                Response::getInstance()->setStatus($code);
             }
 
             $message = nl2br($message);
@@ -315,7 +355,7 @@ namespace Typecho
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="en">
     <head>
-        <meta charset="{$charset}">
+        <meta charset="UTF-8">
         <title>{$code}</title>
         <style>
             html {
@@ -597,36 +637,21 @@ EOF;
                 return $default;
             }
 
-            if (__TYPECHO_MB_SUPPORTED__) {
-                mb_regex_encoding(self::$charset);
-                mb_ereg_search_init($str, "[\w" . preg_quote('_-') . "]+");
-                $result = mb_ereg_search();
-                $return = '';
+            mb_regex_encoding('UTF-8');
+            mb_ereg_search_init($str, "[\w" . preg_quote('_-') . "]+");
+            $result = mb_ereg_search();
+            $return = '';
 
-                if ($result) {
-                    $regs = mb_ereg_search_getregs();
-                    $pos = 0;
-                    do {
-                        $return .= ($pos > 0 ? '-' : '') . $regs[0];
-                        $pos++;
-                    } while ($regs = mb_ereg_search_regs());
-                }
-
-                $str = $return;
-            } elseif ('UTF-8' == strtoupper(self::$charset)) {
-                if (preg_match_all("/[\w" . preg_quote('_-') . "]+/u", $str, $matches)) {
-                    $str = implode('-', $matches[0]);
-                }
-            } else {
-                $str = str_replace(["'", ":", "\\", "/", '"'], "", $str);
-                $str = str_replace(
-                    ["+", ",", ' ', '，', ' ', ".", "?", "=", "&", "!", "<", ">", "(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}"],
-                    "-",
-                    $str
-                );
+            if ($result) {
+                $regs = mb_ereg_search_getregs();
+                $pos = 0;
+                do {
+                    $return .= ($pos > 0 ? '-' : '') . $regs[0];
+                    $pos++;
+                } while ($regs = mb_ereg_search_regs());
             }
 
-            $str = trim($str, '-_');
+            $str = trim($return, '-_');
             $str = !strlen($str) ? $default : $str;
             return substr($str, 0, $maxLength);
         }
@@ -748,8 +773,6 @@ EOF;
         /**
          * 宽字符串截字函数
          *
-         * @access public
-         *
          * @param string $str 需要截取的字符串
          * @param integer $start 开始截取的位置
          * @param integer $length 需要截取的长度
@@ -757,7 +780,7 @@ EOF;
          *
          * @return string
          */
-        public static function subStr($str, $start, $length, $trim = "...")
+        public static function subStr(string $str, int $start, int $length, string $trim = "..."): string
         {
             if (!strlen($str)) {
                 return '';
@@ -765,18 +788,7 @@ EOF;
 
             $iLength = self::strLen($str) - $start;
             $tLength = $length < $iLength ? ($length - self::strLen($trim)) : $length;
-
-            if (__TYPECHO_MB_SUPPORTED__) {
-                $str = mb_substr($str, $start, $tLength, self::$charset);
-            } else {
-                if ('UTF-8' == strtoupper(self::$charset)) {
-                    if (preg_match_all("/./u", $str, $matches)) {
-                        $str = implode('', array_slice($matches[0], $start, $tLength));
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    $str = substr($str, $start, $tLength);
-                }
-            }
+            $str = mb_substr($str, $start, $tLength, 'UTF-8');
 
             return $length < $iLength ? ($str . $trim) : $str;
         }
@@ -784,20 +796,12 @@ EOF;
         /**
          * 获取宽字符串长度函数
          *
-         * @access public
-         *
          * @param string $str 需要获取长度的字符串
-         *
          * @return integer
          */
         public static function strLen(string $str): int
         {
-            if (__TYPECHO_MB_SUPPORTED__) {
-                return mb_strlen($str, self::$charset);
-            } else {
-                return 'UTF-8' == strtoupper(self::$charset)
-                    ? strlen(utf8_decode($str)) : strlen($str);
-            }
+            return mb_strlen($str, 'UTF-8');
         }
 
         /**
@@ -1006,7 +1010,7 @@ EOF;
             $name = '_' . self::randString(rand(3, 7));
             $cutName = '_' . self::randString(rand(3, 7));
             $var = implode('+', $result);
-            $cutVar = \Json::encode($cut);
+            $cutVar = json_encode($cut);
             return "(function () {
     var {$name} = {$var}, {$cutName} = {$cutVar};
     
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Cookie.php b/var/Typecho/Cookie.php
index 162f7df1..948b7a68 100644
--- a/var/Typecho/Cookie.php
+++ b/var/Typecho/Cookie.php
@@ -69,11 +69,8 @@ class Cookie
     /**
      * 获取指定的COOKIE值
      *
-     * @access public
-     *
      * @param string $key 指定的参数
      * @param string|null $default 默认的参数
-     *
      * @return mixed
      */
     public static function get(string $key, ?string $default = null)
@@ -86,29 +83,21 @@ class Cookie
     /**
      * 设置指定的COOKIE值
      *
-     * @access public
-     *
      * @param string $key 指定的参数
      * @param mixed $value 设置的值
      * @param integer $expire 过期时间,默认为0,表示随会话时间结束
-     *
-     * @return void
      */
     public static function set(string $key, $value, int $expire = 0)
     {
         $key = self::$prefix . $key;
-        setrawcookie($key, rawurlencode($value), $expire, self::$path);
         $_COOKIE[$key] = $value;
+        Response::getInstance()->setCookie($key, $value, $expire, self::$path);
     }
 
     /**
      * 删除指定的COOKIE值
      *
-     * @access public
-     *
      * @param string $key 指定的参数
-     *
-     * @return void
      */
     public static function delete(string $key)
     {
@@ -117,7 +106,7 @@ class Cookie
             return;
         }
 
-        setcookie($key, '', time() - 2592000, self::$path);
+        Response::getInstance()->setCookie($key, '', -1, self::$path);
         unset($_COOKIE[$key]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Request.php b/var/Typecho/Request.php
index 8e99ff42..5b21be01 100644
--- a/var/Typecho/Request.php
+++ b/var/Typecho/Request.php
@@ -251,14 +251,6 @@ class Request
             return $this->pathInfo;
         }
 
-        $inputEncoding = null;
-        $outputEncoding = null;
-
-        if (defined('__TYPECHO_PATHINFO_ENCODING__')) {
-            $inputEncoding = __TYPECHO_PATHINFO_ENCODING__;
-            $outputEncoding = Common::$charset;
-        }
-
         //参考Zend Framework对pahtinfo的处理, 更好的兼容性
         $pathInfo = null;
 
@@ -283,19 +275,8 @@ class Request
 
         if (!empty($pathInfo)) {
             //针对iis的utf8编码做强制转换
-            //参考http://docs.moodle.org/ja/%E5%A4%9A%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%AF%BE%E5%BF%9C%EF%BC%9A%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%AD%E5%AE%9A
-            if (
-                !empty($inputEncoding)
-                && !empty($outputEncoding)
-                && (stripos($_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'], 'Microsoft-IIS') !== false
-                    || stripos($_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'], 'ExpressionDevServer') !== false)
-            ) {
-                if (function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
-                    $pathInfo = mb_convert_encoding($pathInfo, $outputEncoding, $inputEncoding);
-                } elseif (function_exists('iconv')) {
-                    $pathInfo = iconv($inputEncoding, $outputEncoding, $pathInfo);
-                }
-            }
+            $pathInfo = defined('__TYPECHO_PATHINFO_ENCODING__') ?
+                mb_convert_encoding($pathInfo, 'UTF-8', __TYPECHO_PATHINFO_ENCODING__) : $pathInfo;
         } else {
             $pathInfo = '/';
         }
@@ -393,6 +374,14 @@ class Request
             || (defined('__TYPECHO_SECURE__') && __TYPECHO_SECURE__);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function isCli(): bool
+    {
+        return php_sapi_name() == 'cli';
+    }
+
     /**
      * 判断是否为get方法
      *
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Response.php b/var/Typecho/Response.php
index a13178d3..1ff25220 100644
--- a/var/Typecho/Response.php
+++ b/var/Typecho/Response.php
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ namespace Typecho;
  */
 class Response
 {
-    public const CHARSET = 'UTF-8';
-
     /**
      * http code
      *
@@ -82,15 +80,51 @@ class Response
     /**
      * 字符编码
      *
-     * @var mixed
-     * @access private
+     * @var string
      */
-    private $charset;
+    private $charset = 'UTF-8';
+
+    /**
+     * @var string
+     */
+    private $contentType = 'text/html';
+
+    /**
+     * @var callable[]
+     */
+    private $responders = [];
+
+    /**
+     * @var array
+     */
+    private $cookies = [];
+
+    /**
+     * @var array
+     */
+    private $headers = [];
+
+    /**
+     * @var int
+     */
+    private $status = 200;
+
+    /**
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    private $enableAutoSendHeaders = true;
+
+    /**
+     * init responder
+     */
+    public function __construct()
+    {
+        $this->clean();
+    }
 
     /**
      * 获取单例句柄
      *
-     * @access public
      * @return Response
      */
     public static function getInstance(): Response
@@ -102,6 +136,68 @@ class Response
         return self::$instance;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @param bool $enable
+     */
+    public function enableAutoSendHeaders($enable = true)
+    {
+        $this->enableAutoSendHeaders = $enable;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * clean all
+     */
+    public function clean()
+    {
+        $this->headers = [];
+        $this->cookies = [];
+        $this->status = 200;
+        $this->responders = [];
+        $this->setContentType('text/html');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * send all headers
+     */
+    public function sendHeaders()
+    {
+        header('HTTP/1.1 ' . $this->status . ' ' . self::HTTP_CODE[$this->status], true, $this->status);
+
+        // set header
+        foreach ($this->headers as $name => $value) {
+            header($name . ': ' . $value, true);
+        }
+
+        // set cookie
+        foreach ($this->cookies as $cookie) {
+            [$key, $value, $timeout, $path, $domain] = $cookie;
+
+            if ($timeout > 0) {
+                $timeout += time();
+            } elseif ($timeout < 0) {
+                $timeout = 1;
+            }
+
+            setrawcookie($key, rawurlencode($value), $timeout, $path, $domain);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * respond data
+     */
+    public function respond()
+    {
+        if ($this->enableAutoSendHeaders) {
+            $this->sendHeaders();
+        }
+
+        foreach ($this->responders as $responder) {
+            call_user_func($responder, $this);
+        }
+
+        exit;
+    }
+
     /**
      * 新增回调
      *
@@ -117,113 +213,83 @@ class Response
      *
      * @access public
      * @param integer $code http代码
-     * @return void
+     * @return $this
      */
-    public static function setStatus(int $code)
+    public function setStatus(int $code): Response
     {
-        if (isset(self::HTTP_CODE[$code])) {
-            header(($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] ?? 'HTTP/1.1')
-                . ' ' . $code . ' ' . self::HTTP_CODE[$code], true, $code);
-        }
+        $this->status = $code;
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * 设置http头
      *
-     * @access public
      * @param string $name 名称
      * @param string $value 对应值
-     * @return void
+     * @return $this
      */
-    public function setHeader(string $name, string $value)
+    public function setHeader(string $name, string $value): Response
     {
-        header($name . ': ' . $value, true);
+        $name = str_replace(' ', '-', ucwords(str_replace('-', ' ', $name)));
+        $this->headers[$name] = $value;
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
-     * 抛出ajax的回执信息
+     * 设置指定的COOKIE值
      *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string $message 消息体
-     * @return void
+     * @param string $key 指定的参数
+     * @param mixed $value 设置的值
+     * @param integer $timeout 过期时间,默认为0,表示随会话时间结束
+     * @param string $path 路径信息
+     * @param string|null $domain 域名信息
+     * @return $this
      */
-    public function throwXml(string $message)
-    {
-        /** 设置http头信息 */
-        $this->setContentType('text/xml');
-
-        /** 构建消息体 */
-        echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="' . $this->getCharset() . '"?>',
-        '<response>',
-        $this->parseXml($message),
-        '</response>';
-
-        /** 终止后续输出 */
-        self::callback();
-        exit;
+    public function setCookie(
+        string $key,
+        $value,
+        int $timeout = 0,
+        string $path = '/',
+        string $domain = null
+    ): Response {
+        $this->cookies[] = [$key, $value, $timeout, $path, $domain];
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * 在http头部请求中声明类型和字符集
      *
-     * @access public
      * @param string $contentType 文档类型
-     * @return void
+     * @return $this
      */
-    public function setContentType(string $contentType = 'text/html')
+    public function setContentType(string $contentType = 'text/html'): Response
     {
-        header('Content-Type: ' . $contentType . '; charset=' . $this->getCharset(), true);
+        $this->contentType = $contentType;
+        $this->setHeader('Content-Type', $this->contentType . '; charset=' . $this->charset);
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * 获取字符集
      *
-     * @access public
      * @return string
      */
     public function getCharset(): string
     {
-        if (empty($this->charset)) {
-            $this->setCharset();
-        }
-
         return $this->charset;
     }
 
     /**
      * 设置默认回执编码
      *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string|null $charset 字符集
-     * @return void
+     * @param string $charset 字符集
+     * @return $this
      */
-    public function setCharset(string $charset = null)
+    public function setCharset(string $charset): Response
     {
-        $this->charset = empty($charset) ? self::CHARSET : $charset;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 解析ajax回执的内部函数
-     *
-     * @access private
-     * @param mixed $message 格式化数据
-     * @return string
-     */
-    private function parseXml($message): string
-    {
-        /** 对于数组型则继续递归 */
-        if (is_array($message)) {
-            $result = '';
-
-            foreach ($message as $key => $val) {
-                $tagName = is_int($key) ? 'item' : $key;
-                $result .= '<' . $tagName . '>' . $this->parseXml($val) . '</' . $tagName . '>';
-            }
-
-            return $result;
-        } else {
-            return preg_match("/^[^<>]+$/is", $message) ? $message : '<![CDATA[' . $message . ']]>';
-        }
+        $this->charset = $charset;
+        $this->setHeader('Content-Type', $this->contentType . '; charset=' . $this->charset);
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -244,91 +310,14 @@ class Response
     }
 
     /**
-     * 抛出json回执信息
+     * add responder
      *
-     * @access public
-     * @param mixed $message 消息体
-     * @return void
+     * @param callable $responder
+     * @return $this
      */
-    public function throwJson($message)
+    public function addResponder(callable $responder): Response
     {
-        /** 设置http头信息 */
-        $this->setContentType('application/json');
-
-        echo \Json::encode($message);
-
-        /** 终止后续输出 */
-        self::callback();
-        exit;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 返回来路
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string|null $suffix 附加地址
-     * @param string|null $default 默认来路
-     */
-    public function goBack(string $suffix = null, string $default = null)
-    {
-        //获取来源
-        $referer = $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] ?? '';
-
-        //判断来源
-        if (!empty($referer)) {
-            // ~ fix Issue 38
-            if (!empty($suffix)) {
-                $parts = parse_url($referer);
-                $myParts = parse_url($suffix);
-
-                if (isset($myParts['fragment'])) {
-                    $parts['fragment'] = $myParts['fragment'];
-                }
-
-                if (isset($myParts['query'])) {
-                    $args = [];
-                    if (isset($parts['query'])) {
-                        parse_str($parts['query'], $args);
-                    }
-
-                    parse_str($myParts['query'], $currentArgs);
-                    $args = array_merge($args, $currentArgs);
-                    $parts['query'] = http_build_query($args);
-                }
-
-                $referer = Common::buildUrl($parts);
-            }
-
-            $this->redirect($referer, false);
-        } elseif (!empty($default)) {
-            $this->redirect($default);
-        }
-
-        self::callback();
-        exit;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * 重定向函数
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string $location 重定向路径
-     * @param boolean $isPermanently 是否为永久重定向
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public function redirect(string $location, bool $isPermanently = false)
-    {
-        /** Typecho_Common */
-        $location = Common::safeUrl($location);
-
-        self::callback();
-
-        if ($isPermanently) {
-            header('Location: ' . $location, false, 301);
-        } else {
-            header('Location: ' . $location, false, 302);
-        }
-
-        exit;
+        $this->responders[] = $responder;
+        return $this;
     }
 }
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Widget.php b/var/Typecho/Widget.php
index fb18bb35..1d167ebe 100644
--- a/var/Typecho/Widget.php
+++ b/var/Typecho/Widget.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace Typecho;
 use Typecho\Widget\Exception as WidgetException;
 use Typecho\Widget\Helper\EmptyClass;
 use Typecho\Widget\Request as WidgetRequest;
+use Typecho\Widget\Response as WidgetResponse;
 
 /**
  * Typecho组件基类
@@ -146,8 +147,7 @@ abstract class Widget
             $requestObject = new WidgetRequest(Request::getInstance(), Config::factory($request));
 
             /** 初始化response */
-            $responseObject = $enableResponse ? Response::getInstance()
-                : EmptyClass::getInstance();
+            $responseObject = new WidgetResponse(Request::getInstance(), Response::getInstance());
 
             /** 初始化组件 */
             $widget = new $className($requestObject, $responseObject, $params);
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Widget/Helper/Form.php b/var/Typecho/Widget/Helper/Form.php
index 0ed8228b..2b06ab6d 100644
--- a/var/Typecho/Widget/Helper/Form.php
+++ b/var/Typecho/Widget/Helper/Form.php
@@ -186,10 +186,10 @@ class Form extends Layout
 
         if ($error) {
             /** 利用session记录错误 */
-            Cookie::set('__typecho_form_message_' . $id, Json::encode($error));
+            Cookie::set('__typecho_form_message_' . $id, json_encode($error));
 
             /** 利用session记录表单值 */
-            Cookie::set('__typecho_form_record_' . $id, Json::encode($formData));
+            Cookie::set('__typecho_form_record_' . $id, json_encode($formData));
         }
 
         return $error;
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ class Form extends Layout
 
         /** 恢复表单值 */
         if (!empty($record)) {
-            $record = \Json::decode($record, true);
-            $message = \Json::decode($message, true);
+            $record = json_decode($record, true);
+            $message = json_decode($message, true);
             foreach ($this->inputs as $name => $input) {
                 $input->value($record[$name] ?? $input->value);
 
diff --git a/var/Typecho/Widget/Response.php b/var/Typecho/Widget/Response.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..472adcd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/var/Typecho/Widget/Response.php
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Typecho\Widget;
+
+use Typecho\Common;
+use Typecho\Request as HttpRequest;
+use Typecho\Response as HttpResponse;
+
+/**
+ * Widget Response Wrapper
+ */
+class Response
+{
+    /**
+     * @var HttpRequest
+     */
+    private $request;
+
+    /**
+     * @var HttpResponse
+     */
+    private $response;
+
+    /**
+     * @param HttpRequest $request
+     * @param HttpResponse $response
+     */
+    public function __construct(HttpRequest $request, HttpResponse $response)
+    {
+        $this->request = $request;
+        $this->response = $response;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param int $code
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setStatus(int $code): Response
+    {
+        $this->response->setStatus($code);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $name
+     * @param $value
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setHeader(string $name, $value): Response
+    {
+        $this->response->setHeader($name, (string) $value);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 设置默认回执编码
+     *
+     * @param string $charset 字符集
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setCharset(string $charset): Response
+    {
+        $this->response->setCharset($charset);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $contentType
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setContentType(string $contentType = 'text/html'): Response
+    {
+        $this->response->setContentType($contentType);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $content
+     * @param string $contentType
+     */
+    public function throwContent(string $content, string $contentType = 'text/html')
+    {
+        $this->response->setContentType($contentType)
+            ->addResponder(function () use ($content) {
+                echo $content;
+            })
+            ->respond();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $message
+     */
+    public function throwXml(string $message)
+    {
+        $this->response->setContentType('text/xml')
+            ->addResponder(function () use ($message) {
+                echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="' . $this->response->getCharset() . '"?>',
+                '<response>',
+                $this->parseXml($message),
+                '</response>';
+            })
+            ->respond();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 抛出json回执信息
+     *
+     * @param mixed $message 消息体
+     */
+    public function throwJson($message)
+    {
+        /** 设置http头信息 */
+        $this->response->setContentType('application/json')
+            ->addResponder(function () use ($message) {
+                echo json_encode($message);
+            })
+            ->respond();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param $file
+     * @param string|null $contentType
+     */
+    public function throwFile($file, ?string $contentType = null)
+    {
+        if (!empty($contentType)) {
+            $this->response->setContentType($contentType);
+        }
+
+        $this->response->setHeader('Content-Length', filesize($file))
+            ->addResponder(function () use ($file) {
+                readfile($file);
+            })
+            ->respond();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 重定向函数
+     *
+     * @param string $location 重定向路径
+     * @param boolean $isPermanently 是否为永久重定向
+     */
+    public function redirect(string $location, bool $isPermanently = false)
+    {
+        $location = Common::safeUrl($location);
+
+        $this->response->setStatus($isPermanently ? 301 : 302)
+            ->setHeader('Location', $location)
+            ->respond();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 返回来路
+     *
+     * @param string|null $suffix 附加地址
+     * @param string|null $default 默认来路
+     */
+    public function goBack(string $suffix = null, string $default = null)
+    {
+        //获取来源
+        $referer = $this->request->getReferer();
+
+        //判断来源
+        if (!empty($referer)) {
+            // ~ fix Issue 38
+            if (!empty($suffix)) {
+                $parts = parse_url($referer);
+                $myParts = parse_url($suffix);
+
+                if (isset($myParts['fragment'])) {
+                    $parts['fragment'] = $myParts['fragment'];
+                }
+
+                if (isset($myParts['query'])) {
+                    $args = [];
+                    if (isset($parts['query'])) {
+                        parse_str($parts['query'], $args);
+                    }
+
+                    parse_str($myParts['query'], $currentArgs);
+                    $args = array_merge($args, $currentArgs);
+                    $parts['query'] = http_build_query($args);
+                }
+
+                $referer = Common::buildUrl($parts);
+            }
+
+            $this->redirect($referer);
+        } elseif (!empty($default)) {
+            $this->redirect($default);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 解析ajax回执的内部函数
+     *
+     * @param mixed $message 格式化数据
+     * @return string
+     */
+    private function parseXml($message): string
+    {
+        /** 对于数组型则继续递归 */
+        if (is_array($message)) {
+            $result = '';
+
+            foreach ($message as $key => $val) {
+                $tagName = is_int($key) ? 'item' : $key;
+                $result .= '<' . $tagName . '>' . $this->parseXml($val) . '</' . $tagName . '>';
+            }
+
+            return $result;
+        } else {
+            return preg_match("/^[^<>]+$/is", $message) ? $message : '<![CDATA[' . $message . ']]>';
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/var/Widget/Ajax.php b/var/Widget/Ajax.php
index 7011959d..88673146 100644
--- a/var/Widget/Ajax.php
+++ b/var/Widget/Ajax.php
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class Widget_Ajax extends Widget_Abstract_Options implements Widget_Interface_Do
 
                 /** 匹配内容体 */
                 $response = $client->getResponseBody();
-                $json = Json::decode($response, true);
+                $json = json_decode($response, true);
 
                 if (!empty($json)) {
                     [$soft, $version] = explode(' ', $this->options->generator);
diff --git a/var/Widget/Backup.php b/var/Widget/Backup.php
index 876df567..638657df 100644
--- a/var/Widget/Backup.php
+++ b/var/Widget/Backup.php
@@ -95,41 +95,34 @@ class Widget_Backup extends Widget_Abstract_Options implements Widget_Interface_
      */
     private function export()
     {
+        $backupFile = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'backup_');
+        $fp = fopen($backupFile, 'wb');
         $host = parse_url($this->options->siteUrl, PHP_URL_HOST);
         $this->response->setContentType('application/octet-stream');
         $this->response->setHeader('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="'
             . date('Ymd') . '_' . $host . '_' . uniqid() . '.dat"');
 
         $header = str_replace('XXXX', self::HEADER_VERSION, self::HEADER);
-        $buffer = $header;
+        fwrite($fp, $header);
         $db = $this->db;
 
         foreach ($this->_types as $type => $val) {
             $page = 1;
             do {
                 $rows = $db->fetchAll($db->select()->from('table.' . $type)->page($page, 20));
-                $page ++;
+                $page++;
 
                 foreach ($rows as $row) {
-                    $buffer .= $this->buildBuffer($val, $this->applyFields($type, $row));
-
-                    if (strlen($buffer) >= 1024 * 1024) {
-                        echo $buffer;
-                        ob_flush();
-                        $buffer = '';
-                    }
+                    fwrite($fp, $this->buildBuffer($val, $this->applyFields($type, $row)));
                 }
             } while (count($rows) == 20);
         }
 
-        if (!empty($buffer)) {
-            echo $buffer;
-            ob_flush();
-        }
+        Typecho_Plugin::factory(__CLASS__)->export($fp);
+        fwrite($fp, $header);
+        fclose($fp);
 
-        Typecho_Plugin::factory(__CLASS__)->export();
-        echo $header;
-        ob_end_flush();
+        $this->response->throwFile($backupFile, 'application/octet-stream');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -147,7 +140,7 @@ class Widget_Backup extends Widget_Abstract_Options implements Widget_Interface_
             $body .= $val;
         }
 
-        $header = Json::encode($schema);
+        $header = json_encode($schema);
         return Typecho_Common::buildBackupBuffer($type, $header, $body);
     }
 
@@ -309,7 +302,7 @@ class Widget_Backup extends Widget_Abstract_Options implements Widget_Interface_
         $table = array_search($type, $this->_types);
 
         if (!empty($table)) {
-            $schema = Json::decode($header, true);
+            $schema = json_decode($header, true);
             $data = [];
             $offset = 0;
 
diff --git a/var/Widget/Init.php b/var/Widget/Init.php
index 1de3e7f1..6be83f09 100644
--- a/var/Widget/Init.php
+++ b/var/Widget/Init.php
@@ -45,9 +45,6 @@ class Widget_Init extends Typecho_Widget
         /** cookie初始化 */
         Typecho_Cookie::setPrefix($options->rootUrl);
 
-        /** 初始化charset */
-        Typecho_Common::$charset = $options->charset;
-
         /** 初始化exception */
         Typecho_Common::$exceptionHandle = 'Widget_ExceptionHandle';
 
@@ -77,8 +74,5 @@ class Widget_Init extends Typecho_Widget
         if (!defined('__TYPECHO_INSTALL__') && $this->widget('Widget_User')->hasLogin()) {
             @session_start();
         }
-
-        /** 监听缓冲区 */
-        ob_start();
     }
 }
diff --git a/var/Widget/Notice.php b/var/Widget/Notice.php
index 1cbe1441..73f589c6 100644
--- a/var/Widget/Notice.php
+++ b/var/Widget/Notice.php
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Widget_Notice extends Typecho_Widget
             $type = $typeFix;
         }
 
-        Typecho_Cookie::set('__typecho_notice', Json::encode($notice),
+        Typecho_Cookie::set('__typecho_notice', json_encode($notice),
             $this->widget('Widget_Options')->time + $this->widget('Widget_Options')->timezone + 86400);
         Typecho_Cookie::set('__typecho_notice_type', $type,
             $this->widget('Widget_Options')->time + $this->widget('Widget_Options')->timezone + 86400);
diff --git a/var/Widget/Service.php b/var/Widget/Service.php
index 214a1466..5c5f3216 100644
--- a/var/Widget/Service.php
+++ b/var/Widget/Service.php
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class Widget_Service extends Widget_Abstract_Options implements Widget_Interface
                             ->setTimeout(2)
                             ->setData([
                                 'do' => 'async',
-                                'requests' => Json::encode($self->asyncRequests),
+                                'requests' => json_encode($self->asyncRequests),
                                 'token' => Typecho_Common::timeToken($this->options->secret)
                             ])
                             ->setMethod(Typecho_Http_Client::METHOD_POST)
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class Widget_Service extends Widget_Abstract_Options implements Widget_Interface
             set_time_limit(30);
         }
 
-        $requests = Json::decode($this->request->requests, true);
+        $requests = json_decode($this->request->requests, true);
         $plugin = Typecho_Plugin::factory(__CLASS__);
 
         if (!empty($requests)) {